Green consumers are those who seek to fulfill economic responsibility with their choices of environment-friendly products. Previous research found that it is not easy to identify green consumers by using traditional demographic or psychographic measurements due to the instability of moral attitude and actual behavior. The frontal theta brain waves of 19 right-handed respondents were recorded and analyzed in a choice task between an environment-friendly (green) product and a conventional product. Product information, which was provided to the respondents, included written (...) descriptions as well as the price of each product without visual depiction. Based on the respondents’ choice, they were classified into two groups: green (GR) consumers who chose an environment-friendly product option and non-green (Non-GR) consumers who chose the option of a conventional product. While processing the green product message, we discovered that frontal theta activations were significantly higher among GR consumers than Non-GR consumers. On the contrary, the frontal theta waves of GR consumers were not differentiated from Non-GR consumers while processing the price information. Therefore, theta activations in the frontal area may potentially be a unique neural indicator of GR consumers’ cognitive engagement with environment-friendly product messages. (shrink)

This study empirically analyzes how corporate social responsibility performance feedback impacts CSR performance, focusing on the performance feedback perspective of behavioral theory of the firm. By performing generalized least squares regression analysis based on Korean company data from 2012 to 2019, we presented evidence that positive social and historical performance feedback had a positive effect on CSR performance. Our results provide evidence that firms with higher social and historical CSR performance than CSR aspiration may have higher CSR performance than those (...) that do not. (shrink)

Graphical AbstractGene editing with engineered nucleases introduce double-strand breaks that are repaired by error-prone nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). In article number 1900126, Sara G. Trimidal et al. propose that the length and type or resulting indels can now be controlled by editing with different engineered nucleases or by manipulating the expression of NHEJ genes.

Genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEENs) introduce site‐specific DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) and repairs DSBs via nonhomologous end‐joining (NHEJ) pathways that eventually create indels (insertions/deletions) in a genome. Whether the features of indels resulting from gene editing could be customized is asked. A review of the literature reveals how gene editing technologies via NHEJ pathways impact gene editing. The survey consolidates a body of literature that suggests that the type (insertion, deletion, and complex) and the approximate length of indel edits (...) can be somewhat customized with different GEENs and by manipulating the expression of key NHEJ genes. Structural data suggest that binding of GEENs to DNA may interfere with binding of key components of DNA repair complexes, favoring either classical‐ or alternative‐NHEJ. The hypotheses have some limitations, but if validated, will enable scientists to better control indel makeup, holding promise for basic science and clinical applications of gene editing. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/vTkJtUsLi3w. (shrink)

Modern schooling in Korea, which was officially established by law in 1949, is well known for its function as an engine of economic success in modern Korea. Although this fact seems to be world-wid...

사회진화론은 1880년대에 초기 개화사상가들에 의해 한국사회에 수용되었고 1900년대에는 일종의 시대정신으로 여겨지며 당시 국제사회를 해석하는 가장 유력한 사상적 프레임으로 기능하였다. 그러나 지금까지의 연구들은 1910년을 기점으로 사회진화론의 사상적 기능이 소멸되었다고 보거나 제한된 영역에서의 사상적 양상만을 고찰하였다. 본고에서는 1910년 이후로도 사회진화론의 영향력은 다양한 사상 속에 침투되어 변용적으로 존재해왔으며 동시에 그것을 극복하기 위한 시도도 있었음을 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저 안중근은 동양 3국[황인종]의 연대를 통해 서구 세력[백인종]의 침략을 막아야 한다는 동양평화론을 주장하였다. 이는 인종주의에 사회진화론을 결합한 것으로 서구의 침략을 일종의 동종(同種) 혹은 약자 연대를 통해 대항하고자 하는 (...) ‘저항적 인종주의’의 성격을 띠었다. 박은식은 사회진화론적 진보의 논리를 유학에 적용하여 당시 유학이 가지고 있었던 봉건성을 극복하고, 유학의 대동사상, 성선론 등을 통해 사회진화론의 인종주의적 우열론과 약육강식론의 비도덕성을 극복하고자 하였다. 1919년에는 제1차 세계대전 이후 파리강화회의가 개최되면서 ‘세계평화’가 화두로 제시되었고 ‘민족자결주의’, ‘세계주의’, ‘평화주의’ 등의 관념이 나타났다. 또한 러시아 혁명 및 사회주의 국가 건설 등을 계기로 사회주의, 아나키즘 등 새로운 사상이 등장하면서 사회진화론적 세계관에 균열을 가져온다. 이러한 사상적 흐름 속에서 안창호는 국제사회에서 여전히 약육강식의 논리가 통용되고 있음을 비판적으로 인식하고는 있었지만, 현실적으로 국제사회로부터 독립국으로서의 자격을 인정을 받기 위해서는 자강의 힘을 길러야 한다고 주장하였다. 그러나 그 힘의 토대에 근면, 성실, 신용 등 개신교적 자본주의 윤리와 민족주의적 공동체의식을 도입하여 사회진화론적 경쟁의 비도덕성을 극복하고자 하였다. 신채호는 약육강식에 의한 열강의 식민 지배를 ‘민중직접혁명’을 통해 타도해야한다고 주장했다. 이 과정에서 그는 세계 식민지 민중과의 연대를 주장하기도 했다. 그러나 역사를 ‘아(我)와 비아(非我)의 투쟁’ 즉, 자민족과 타민족의 생존투쟁의 기록이라고 봤던 그의 역사관은 사회진화론적 관점을 완전히 극복하지는 못한 것으로 보인다. 안중근과 박은식의 사상은 1910년을 기점으로 한 것이고 안창호와 신채호의 사상은 1919년 이후 주창된 것이다. 이들은 초기 사회진화론자들처럼 약육강식의 논리를 무비판적으로 수용하면서 소위 ‘문명국’의 ‘비문명국’에 대한 지배나 착취를 원리로서 인정하는 사고에서는 벗어났지만, 현실을 사회진화론적 프레임으로 바라보는 사고를 완전히 단절해내지는 못했다. 그러나 동양평화론, 유교, 자유민주주의, 아나키즘 등 각자가 취한 여러 가지 사상적 토대 위에서 사회진화론의 이론적, 현실적 문제를 극복하려는 시도가 나타났는데 그것이 1910년 이후 한국 사상계의 하나의 큰 특징이라고 결론지을 수 있다. (shrink)

백화 양건식은 불교운동가, 소설가, 번역가로 활동하였다. 기존 연구는 주로 그의 문학세계에서 관한 것이었고 학문이나 사상 연구는 부진하였다. 양건식 뿐만 아니라 한국 근대 특히 식민시기의 지식인에 대한 연구는 충분히 이루어지지 않고 있고 있다. 이런 현상의 원인으로 식민시기를 전통 철학의 단절과 근대적 학문 체계의 미성립으로 보는 관점을 들 수 있다. 전통철학과 연결하는 계보학적 방법이나 서구 근대 학문을 기준으로 수용의 정도를 가늠하는 방식은 식민시기 사상적 지형도를 올바로 분석하기 어렵게 만든다. 본고에서는 역사의미론의 방법을 적용하여, 양건식이 번역 소개한 「서양 철학자 칸트의 격치학설(西哲康德格致學說)」을 중심으로 그의 학문과 (...) 사상을 분석하였다. 이 글에 주목해야 하는 이유는 일본과 중국을 경유하는 동아시아의 서양철학 유통 경로와 1910년대 한국에서 진행된 칸트철학 수용의 한 단면을 적실하게 보여주기 때문이다. 「서양 철학자 칸트의 격치학설」의 원저자는 량치차오다. 량치차오는 일본 망명시절 나가에 초민의 『理學沿革史』 중 칸트 부분을 번역 주해하여 「근세 최고의 철학자 칸트의 학설(近世第一大哲康德之學說)」을 집필하였다. 양건식이 이 글을 번역 연재한 목적은 불교진흥운동에 부합한다는 판단에서였다. 불교의 ‘眞如’와 칸트의 ‘眞我’, 주희의 ‘明德’을 비교하고 불교의 우위를 인정함으로써 전통 불교는 근대의 보편적 가치체계로 재구성될 수 있었다. 그러나 글의 표제에서 칸트 철학을 ‘格致’라는 용어로 푼 것은 서구의 ‘philoshphy’에 상응하는 번역어로 ‘철학’이 아직 정착되지 않고 있음을 보여준다. 전통 학술용어인 격치(학)은 대체로 서구 자연과학기술을 가리킬 때 사용되었는데, 양건식은 ‘격치’가 칸트 철학을 설명하기에 적합하다고 판단했다. 결국 1910년대 ‘격치’는 여전히 자연과학과 철학의 경계를 넘나들며 사용되었음을 알 수 있다. 아울러 주목해야 할 점은 삼중 번역 과정에서 나타나는 굴절과 ‘선택적 전유(selective appropriation)’ 양상이다. 양건식은 ‘자유’와 ‘독립’, ‘주권’과 ‘영구평화’를 다룬 절을 번역에서 누락시켰다. 일제는 제국의 지배 질서에 반하는 담론의 유통을 통제하였고 칸트 철학의 경우도 예외가 될 수 없었다. 양건식은 ‘진화’와 ‘발전’이 삶의 지표와 규범이던 시대를 살았지만 ‘불교’와 ‘문예(문학)’에서 ‘초월’의 가능성을 발견하고자 하였다. 초월은 관념으로의 도피가 아니라 자본주의와 물질문명에 억압된 인간 내면의 본성을 발견하여 삶의 가치를 회복하는 것이었다. 여기서 발견되는 ‘근대성’은 개인사에 머물지 않고 우리의 ‘근대’를 재음미할 수 있는 새로운 자극이며 한국 근대 철학사를 풍성하게 할 중요한 자료임에 분명하다. (shrink)

Standard time series structure learning algorithms assume that the measurement timescale is approximately the same as the timescale of the underlying system. In many scientific contexts, however, this assumption is violated: the measurement timescale can be substantially slower than the system timescale. This assumption violation can lead to significant learning errors. In this paper, we provide a novel learning algorithm to extract systemtimescale structure from measurement data that undersample the underlying system. We employ multiple algorithmic optimizations that exploit the problem (...) structure in order to achieve computational tractability. The resulting algorithm is highly reliable at extracting system-timescale structure from undersampled data. (shrink)

As an unusual event, fasting can induce strong physiological and psychological reactions, but there is still no clear understanding of how previous fasting experiences affect people’s responses to current fasting. This study aimed to investigate the influence of previous fasting experiences on participants’ basic physiological and psychological responses in a fasting experiment conducted under intensive medical monitoring. For a 22-day experiment divided into four phases, a total of 13 persons participated; the participants were divided into a group with prior fasting (...) experience and a group without prior fasting experience. The results indicate no group differences in physiological responses ; however, differences in psychological states were observed, with the Newbie group showing more negative psychological states overall throughout the experiment. Hence, previous fasting experience may be a buffer against negative feelings during current fasting. For this reason, it is important to consider fasting experiences as a vital factor in future research. (shrink)

For unmanned aerial vehicle, object detection at different scales is an important component for the visual recognition. Recent advances in convolutional neural networks have demonstrated that attention mechanism remarkably enhances multiscale representation of CNNs. However, most existing multiscale feature representation methods simply employ several attention blocks in the attention mechanism to adaptively recalibrate the feature response, which overlooks the context information at a multiscale level. To solve this problem, a multiscale feature filtering network is proposed in this paper for image (...) recognition system in the UAV. A novel building block, namely, multiscale feature filtering module, is proposed for ResNet-like backbones and it allows feature-selective learning for multiscale context information across multiparallel branches. These branches employ multiple atrous convolutions at different scales, respectively, and further adaptively generate channel-wise feature responses by emphasizing channel-wise dependencies. Experimental results on CIFAR100 and Tiny ImageNet datasets reflect that the MFFNet achieves very competitive results in comparison with previous baseline models. Further ablation experiments verify that the MFFNet can achieve consistent performance gains in image classification and object detection tasks. (shrink)

In the realistic world, various individuals have distinct personalities, preferences, and attitudes toward new information and behavior acceptance, called population heterogeneity. It is seldom taken into account and theoretically analyzed in information propagation on a weighted network. Therefore, we divide individuals into fashionable and conservative individuals according to their passion degree and willingness for novel behaviors acceptance. Then, we build two behavior adoption threshold models corresponding to fashionable and conservative individuals on the weighted network to explore the effect of population (...) heterogeneity on information propagation. Next, a partition theory based on edge weight and population heterogeneity is proposed to qualitatively analyze the information propagation mechanism. The theoretical analyses and simulation results show that fashionable individuals promote information propagation and behavior adoption. More importantly, the crossover phenomena of phase transition appear. When the fraction of fashionable individuals is relatively large, the increasing pattern of the final adoption size shows a second-order continuous phase transition. In comparison, the increasing pattern alters to first-order discontinuous phase transition with the decrease of the fraction of fashionable individuals. Moreover, reducing weight distribution heterogeneity promotes information propagation and slightly accelerates the change of the phase transition pattern from the first-order discontinuous to the second-order continuous. Besides, increasing the degree distribution heterogeneity accelerates the change of the phase transition pattern. Finally, our theoretical analyses coincide well with the simulation results. (shrink)

This study points out that families' support of perseverance in creative efforts will increase children's originality of creative drawing through children's persistence in information searching. Data analysis based on 134 Chinese young children's creative drawings and survey supports the above hypothesis. Moreover, children's exposure to COVID-19 pandemic positively moderates the relationship between supporting perseverance and children's search persistence, such that high exposure to COVID-19 pandemic will increase the positive relationship between support of perseverance and search persistence. And children's prosocial motivation (...) inhibits the influence of search persistence on originality. Contributions to the theory of children's creativity are discussed. (shrink)

The traditional innovation model has been unable to adapt to high-speed development, so the role of the innovation ecosystem has become more important. In this paper, we introduce ecology into industrial innovation and construct the symbiotic model to study the symbiotic evolution process of the high-tech industrial innovation ecosystem. This paper takes China’s national high-tech industrial park as a case to study its symbiotic efficiency through empirical research, which uses a stochastic frontier analysis as a research method, constructs a complete (...) index evaluation system, and analyzes the influencing factors. According to the results, we find that an environment conducive to the symbiotic efficiency has emerged, but development and efficiency of high-tech ecosystems in different regions of China are highly dispersed and unbalanced. There is room for improvement in symbiosis efficiency, but the difficulty is gradually increasing. Based on the evaluation of symbiotic efficiency of innovation ecosystem of high-tech industry and the consideration of influencing factors such as policy, economy, society, and technology, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of high-tech industry supporting regional economy. (shrink)

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the number sense performance of 3rd?graders in Taiwan, and to diagnose areas of weakness or deficiency in number sense development. A total of 808 3rd?graders participated in this study. The results indicated that these students did not perform well on each of the five number sense components (correct rates approx. 34%), and they appeared worst on the performance of ?Judging the reasonableness of computational results?. Boys and girls did not show any (...) appreciable difference in their ability to solve number sense problems. The importance of number sense should be highlighted both by teachers and in textbooks and more time and opportunity provided for students to work on this type of exercise at lower grade levels. This would require that ?drill and practice? exercises in mathematics should not indeed be over? taught, and the teaching of number sense to children should begin as early as possible. (shrink)

The present work aims to efficiently carry out life-death education for college students, improve their psychological problems, and reduce suicide accidents by combining LDE with Dance Movement Therapy. DMT is a psychosomatic cross therapy that treats mental or physical diseases through dance or improvisation. Firstly, this paper introduces LDE and DMT and designs the activities of DMT intervention. Secondly, the relationship between DMT and LDE is analyzed. Finally, a questionnaire survey is conducted on the research objects. The research objects are (...) divided into the experimental group receiving DMT intervention, the control group participating in sports dance courses, and the benchmark group. The research data show no significant difference in interpersonal skills and emotional psychology among the three groups. The DMT intervention group has substantial changes in other factors except for the conflict control ability before and after the intervention. In addition, the questionnaire survey results after the intervention demonstrate that the DMT intervention group gets a significantly higher score in the interpersonal relationship, interpersonal relationship building ability, moderate rejection ability, self-disclosure ability, and emotional support ability. Therefore, DMT intervention positively impacts college students’ interpersonal relationships. After the sports dance course, there are differences in the total score of interpersonal ties and scores of interpersonal relationships building ability, self-disclosure ability, and emotional support ability in the control group, but with no significant difference in moderate rejection ability and conflict control ability. Therefore, compared with traditional psychotherapy methods, the DMT method reported here is conducive to releasing pressure and alleviating physical and mental anxiety. The research content provides new ideas for psychological education in colleges and universities and contributes to improving college students’ suicidal tendencies and helping college students grow up healthily. (shrink)

Internet marketing requires a personalized marketing strategy. In this study, the application of data mining in personalized Internet marketing was studied. Based on the mining algorithm, a personalized marketing method was designed. Through the calculation of frequent closed item sets and support counts of positive and negative samples, the interval with a high success rate for marketing was obtained. With performance analysis, it was found that the success rate of the marketing method proposed in this study improved 8% compared with (...) the traditional marketing method and had a better performance under the smaller interval number and smaller minimum success number. After applying the designed method in telecommunication enterprise A, it was found that after adopting the marketing method of this study, the marketing success rate of enterprise A increased from 2.72 to 6.31%, which indicated the effectiveness of the method. The research results of this study verify the role of data mining algorithms in Internet marketing, which is conducive to the further application of mining algorithms in personalized marketing and innovation of business modes. (shrink)

This paper mainly studies the communication performance of visible light communication link in fire smoke environment. Compared with the previous studies, this study no longer only considers a single wavelength and considers the influence of smoke and background light noise. Firstly, the variation of background light noise caused by sunlight during a day was analyzed, then signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the visible light communication link in fire smoke environment with different visibility were calculated, and finally, the variation (...) of received power with the angle β between the LED optical axis and the communication link was analyzed. The results show that, during a day from 07:00 to 18:30, background light noise first increases and then decreases, BER changes in the same trend and reaches the maximum at about 13:00, while SNR changes in the opposite trend and reaches the minimum at about 13:00. When visibility is 100 m, the maximum difference of SNR between 7:00 and 13:00 is about 19 dB, and the maximum difference of BER is about 5.3E-10. At 7:00, the maximum difference of SNR is about 13 dB between the visibility of 1 m and the visibility of 100 m, and the maximum difference of BER is about 1.44E − 11, and received power decreases with the increase of β. In addition, SNR increases with visibility of fire smoke environment, and BER changes in the opposite trend. Lastly, in order to enhance the performance of visible light communication in fire smoke environment, this paper gives the transmitting power scheme. (shrink)

Recent developments in the health care industry have precipitated a new wave of interest in expanding the scope of practice for nursing. This is because the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, broadly designed to increase access to health insurance, will inevitably result in increased demand for primary care providers. And with compensation for primary care physicians already lagging far behind that of specialists, the role of nurse practitioners is once again receiving increased attention as a viable means by which (...) to ease the pressure for access to health care.But the economics of this trade-off are controversial. On one hand, it sets primary care physicians at odds with specialists; namely, if the ultimate goal is to “bend the cost curve downward,” should specialist compensation be reduced in order to increase spending on primary care? (shrink)

Recent empirical research demonstrates that cross-holding engenders significant anti-competitive effect even though it confers no decisive influence on the target firm. This research has obtained wide attention, which leads to both calls for and actual changes in antitrust policy. However, the effects of cross-holding on competition are not well established. This paper examines the collusive effect of cross-holding with asymmetry in cost functions across firms in an infinitely repeated Cournot duopoly game. The two firms have a different share of capital (...) that affects marginal costs. We find that cross-holding facilitates collusion when a small firm (i.e., a firm with a small capital capacity) increases its passive ownership in a big firm (i.e., a firm with a large capital capacity), and the size of initial ownership is relatively small. Unexpectedly, collusion becomes more difficult to be sustained when a big firm increases ownership in a small firm, or when a small firm increases ownership in a big firm but the initial ownership is relatively large. Our result that cross-holding may either facilitate or hinder collusion, under certain circumstances, generates important implications for antitrust policy. (shrink)